Showing posts with label German. Show all posts
Showing posts with label German. Show all posts

Thursday, December 17, 2015

Will Germans embrace or shun refugees?

I see quite a few people are enthusiastically sharing videos & news of Canadian PM, Justin Trudeau, welcoming Syrian refugees in Canada. They are all saying that this is what humanity is all about, & Syria's neighbouring Arab countries should learn a thing or two from Canada (please keep in mind that Syria's neighbouring Arab countries have taken in millions of refugees, while Canada is only taking in 25,000, even though, Lebanon is not militarily involved in Syria but Canada is).

If I recall correctly, social media was abuzz with similar praises, & rebukes for Arab countries, a few months ago, when Europe, & especially Germany, was welcoming refugees.

As this article shows, the world is full of either stupid people or extremely naive people. Europeans & German public was never, & still is, not so enthusiastically welcoming refugees as the media portrayed.

As the Toronto Star article from November 20th shows, a majority of general Canadian public also is not in favour of Canada welcoming refugees. Even though, Canada is only accepting 25,000 Syrian refugees who will be spread around all over the country, so their effect will be minimal on Canadian labour market, if any. Ironically enough, Canada got this idea of welcoming refugees from Germany, & Germany now has instituted border controls & German public has started to dislike Merkel ("Merkel's approval rating slipped to 54% in December - down from 71% in January.") We do have to keep in mind that Germany is smaller in land mass than Canada but then Germany has a better economy than Canada, which is suffering from a recession, which is also predicted to last long.

However, just like Germans, Canadians are torn apart between wanting to help people in their time of need, but then also looking at their own dire future. As the article states that policy makers in Germany are discussing lowering the minimum wages so employers can hire them (of course, low minimum wages will affect all & not only refugees). Although, German government is providing funds for German language classes for refugees, the funds are only available for basic classes. Of course, one cannot perform better in his/her job, if they are not fluent in the language of their adopted country. At the same time, the refugees in Germany are educated & coming with a dream to have similar jobs in Germany as they had back in their homeland, but they won't get those jobs. Germany needs, & welcoming, these refugees to get the jobs that German public doesn't want; the proverbial "low paid & dirty" work.

Canada is welcoming refugees who are family members, & no single men. Family / married men are usually educated & since they need to earn enough money to support their families, they will be looking for similar jobs they had back in their homeland. Problem is that Canada cannot provide those kinds of jobs, since its economy is in shambles, & even Canadian educated grads are having an extremely hard time in securing those kinds of proverbially "high paid & good" jobs. So, in a few months, these refugees will be forgotten, since the media will move on to the next sensational story, & the refugees will be left to fend for themselves in the labour market.

One more point comes out of this article is what is democracy, then? As I blogged earlier, the general public loves "democracy" as long as the government's decisions benefits it. Do you think that is it democratic that the majority of Canadians dislike Trudeau's plan of welcoming & settling refugees but he went ahead with it, anyway? Do you think that is it democratic that Merkel's welcoming refugees doesn't coincide with what the German public really wants? Do you think is it democratic that US, & Republican party's leadership front runner, Donald Trump, is being embraced by millions of Americans, even after his extremely xenophobic comments against refugees & Muslims?
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In a crowded market square in Gera, poets & performers take to the stage. Above them is a banner that has become a familiar sight at train stations across Germany. "Refugees Welcome," it reads in big letters.

Die Linke, a left-wing German political party, has set up a stall to welcome the newcomers, alongside a local charity.
...


Nearby, supporters of AfD - Alternative for Germany - a right-wing group which is cynical about the entry of so many refugees, have gathered.

It's Saturday afternoon in late October & Dirk Heinze has come with his wife Daniella Bruhnke & their 3 children, Sophia, six, Turina, two, & 10-month-old Pierre to hear what both groups have to say.

Dirk, 40, works in care for the elderly & has lived his whole life in Gera. I'm following them as well as some of the refugees to see how they & the city adapt to the changes brought about by the influx of asylum seekers.

Gera was once part of the former German Democratic Republic. It is small, with a population of 95,000, &, until recently, only had 2,000 foreign residents.

Dirk views the groups with scepticism, saying that they are both trying to capitalise on the refugee crisis.

Dirk & Daniella explain that they are frustrated at being excluded from decisions that have affected their town. Many residents feel the same, according to Daniella, because the decision to admit so many refugees was made by politicians, without consultation.

The couple haven't been involved in any protests, although they understand why others have. "So many other people are coming. They [the protesters] fear for their jobs. They fear, well, yes for their lives," says Daniella.

In August Angela Merkel said all Syrians could apply for asylum, & wouldn't be sent back to the first safe country they landed in. Germany was already taking a substantial number of refugees.

This week it was reported that the influx of asylum-seekers in Germany has reached the one million mark - four times the total for 2014. About a half of the new refugees are from Syria.

Refugees are being bussed across the country. ...

Gera is receiving fewer refugees than other cities. Many of them are currently living in the former hospital, converted in mid-October into a refugee centre for up to 2,000 new arrivals.

Someone tried to flood the centre before it opened, so security is very tight. There was also an attack on a refugee by two German men with five dogs in tow. Injuries were minor but news quickly spread around the centre that it may not be safe to go out at night.

The recent influx has caused a mini-political earthquake in Germany. Merkel's approval rating slipped to 54% in December - down from 71% in January.

There have been high-profile & large Pegida (Patriotic Europeans Against the Islamisation of the West) demonstrations against the arrival of Muslim refugees. These have mostly been held in Dresden - about an hour from Gera.

In Gera itself there have been smaller protests known as "Thugida" demonstrations (the name combines Pegida with Thuringia, which is the state in which Gera sits).

It's far from one-sided, though. Germans have been filling train stations to welcome refugees - handing out sweets to children & clothes to their parents.

Dirk & Daniella's concerns are always couched with sympathy for those truly in need. "Regardless of which country they come, what religion they are - if someone needs help, they have to receive help," says Daniella.

But she maintains that people shouldn't be allowed to come "just because they want a better life, and because it is better here in Germany".

Dirk is sceptical of Merkel's "Wir schaffen das" ["We will make it"] pronouncements. ...
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The recent attacks in Paris are on everyone's mind - particularly since at least two of the attackers entered Europe posing as refugees. New arrivals in Germany tell me they worry that Germans will come to fear all refugees & that everyone will end up too scared even to communicate, resulting in a segregated city.

"I do believe that the opinion of many people has now changed, because many are afraid now that terrorists will mix themselves among the refugees," says Daniella. "Who knows who is a terrorist and who is a refugee? They don't have it written on their forehead."

They tell me of other concerns, too. There has been debate for months about lowering the minimum wage in Germany for refugees. It is a controversial idea that, as Dirk puts it, "will keep the big bosses happy", but he fears may lower wages for Germans.

Jobs are on everyone's minds here. I spend some time at a German language school. Classes are growing every day because of the arrival of refugees. I meet a language teacher who, though enthusiastic about the potential of the refugees, is not hopeful about their chances.

Sandy Mazur tells me that German is being taught, funded by the government, to a basic level - but after that the money stops.

"These refugees who come from Syria are very ambitious," she says. "They want work - and here in Germany we have so many free work places because we don't have so many young people."

But she says the German provided is not enough to get a job, & certainly not a job in anywhere near in the same professions the refugees worked in back home. Some are teachers, IT professionals & engineers.

As I leave in early December refugees are more visible on the streets of Gera.

Residents are undoubtedly nervous, but many of their foreign neighbours hope they can bring new life to this quiet city.

Monday, August 3, 2015

Schools shutting out US-educated Mexicans back home

The life of a migrant, legal or illegal, is always uncertain & up in the air. A migrant loses his/her network when he/she moves, & hence, can never settle down completely in his/her new surroundings. Making a new network is like starting life from scratch, which is not possible for many.
 
They are considered "foreigners" in their own countries (& by their fellow compatriots) because they are not culturally, socially, & in many cases, linguistically (at least those migrants' kids) similar to their compatriots. Their hardships in life can only be understood by other migrants.
 
At the same time, those migrants are considered "foreigners" / "aliens" in their adopted country, especially if they cannot completely adopt the culture of their adopted country, due to religious or cultural reasons. Heck, even if they do adopt, they can still be considered as "foreigners," during a national crisis, like Japanese were interned in US & Germans were viewed as suspicious during world wars. Come 21st Century & Muslims are considered "2nd-class" citizens.
 
For instance, Canadian government just passed Bill C-24 that will effectively take away Canadian citizenship of a Canadian citizen, if that person is dual national & his/her home country judges him/her to be a "terrorist" (without any court oversight, the minister / government will cancel his/her citizenship based on the judgement of another government, which in many cases, is / will be considered as corrupt court & government).
 
People always think life is going to be greener on the other side (the other side being a "developed" country) but it's not a certainty. Developed countries have their own rules & customs (some quite absurd) & native residents of developed countries will always get the preferential treatment in all spheres of life, in addition of them having a solid lifelong social network.
 
Migrants, legal or illegal, are like people without a home. Life of a migrant is always harsh, hard & disappointing (at least for most migrants).
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Efigenia Martínez said it was one of the biggest mistakes of her life to bring her grandson Javier back with her to Mexico.
 
"They treat him like a foreigner but he’s Mexican, he's from here. They've made it so difficult for him to study. I feel like they are discriminating against us."
 
Efigenia has cared for her grandson since birth & when he was 9 she took him illegally to Los Angeles. He crossed the border in a car with a smuggler & then when she knew he was safe, she followed in the back of a trailer.
 
It was her third illegal crossing. For 5 years they lived with some of her other children & grandchildren in San Fernando. Despite his illegal status, Javier had no problems enrolling in a US school.
 
He was a good student & was about to start high school when Efigenia's husband got sick & they came back to Mexico.
 
It was then that Javier's education problems began. Despite a visit to the Mexican consulate in Los Angeles to get Javier's documents in order, the director of her local school in Cuautepec north of Mexico City said they wouldn't admit him without proof of what grade he had completed.
 
"I thought because he's from here it would be easy to get him into a school, but it was easier in the US. Here they asked for many things," Efigenia told Al Jazeera. "They said his classes in the US weren't valid. I was sent all over the city dozens of times to different authorities."
 
In the end, after almost 6 months, they had no choice but to enrol Javier as an "oyente" - or unofficial student. He was allowed to go to classes to listen but he wasn't the school's responsibility & wouldn't receive any qualifications.
 
It's a familiar tale for thousands of children - originally from Mexico or born in the US to Mexican parents who return to Mexico after having studied in the US.
 
Outside the system
 
According to migrant rights' groups, the full number of children stuck in this bureaucractic limbo is not known.
 
Gretchen Kuhner of Instituo para las Mujeres en la Migración (IMUMI) says the issue is ongoing.
 
"There are more and more kids facing this situation because of the number of deportations & many are coming back to Mexico for economic reasons," she said.
 
The 2010 Mexican census identified 597,000 US-born children living in Mexico. The next census, out later this year, is expected to see a significant rise in those numbers.
 
Children need birth certificates & documents that prove their level of education, & they have to be translated & stamped in such a way that the Mexican authorities accept them.
 
But parents are left to their own devices to navigate a complex situation, said Kuhner.
 
"They don't know what to do, & many are afraid of turning to the authorities. And it can be as simple as not having a credit card because they're undocumented or poor. If you have the right network & access to the internet, it's easier, but it can take a year just to get a birth certificate."
 
The Mexican constitution states that every child has an unconditional right to a free education. But because Mexico signed the Hague convention, certain documents must be legally certified for international use & school directors do not want to break the rules.
 
Some countries have exempted themselves from this provision but not Mexico, said Kuhner.
 
"It's a lack of political will - there's no other explanation."
Despite repeated calls, the Mexican Ministry of Education did not comment.
 
Access to education is not the only obstacle facing those trying to integrate back into life in Mexico.
 
At Efigenia's house, recent returnees, many with family still living in the US, meet every week to discuss their problems.
 
Most yearn to go back north & hope to be granted a visa. Many of the mothers at the meeting describe how without the required papers or identification their children couldn't use Mexican health services.
 
Patrica Lujano returned because her mother was sick & her family's immigration status was in jeopardy after her husband committed a crime.
 
Unable to get her two children, aged two & three, into a kindergarten in Mexico City or seen by doctors because their paperwork was not in order, the family moved to another Mexican state with more relaxed rules & paid to fix the problem.
 
"We could do it because we had the economic means but many can't, leaving them outside the system," Lujano said.
 
More dangerous life
 
Ma Elena Ayala's son Hector is one of the most extreme examples. Deported months before he was due to graduate from high school, he had nothing to show for his 15 years in California.
 
Not only was he unable to complete school in Mexico but as a result his work options were very limited Ma Elena says.
 
"At nearly 19, with poor written Spanish & no certificates, he was told he would need to start his education all over again in Mexico."
 
In the end he went to work selling candles.
 
Conscious of this growing problem, the US embassy in Mexico is trying to ensure those born in the US get their US passports.
 
Karin Lang, Chief of American Services in Mexico, told Al Jazeera it is doing what it can to help "this large & very vulnerable population".
 
"These children face significant challenges in economic, educational, & social integration in Mexico. While the Mexican Constitution guarantees access to education for all children regardless of documentation or immigration status, as a practical matter many children are either not admitted to school or are admitted on a conditional status that precludes them from obtaining certificates of completion.
 
"Without access to education, children anywhere are at high risk. With these children, this is an issue for both countries. These children are US citizens & they are Mexican citizens."
 
As for Javier, 16, he dreams of going back to California & studying music. Living back among his cousins, uncles & aunts, adjusting to life in Mexico has been tough.
 
At school he was made fun of because he sounded American. And on the streets where he lives he still does not feel safe.
 
"Life here is more dangerous," he says, "people get robbed or killed. The schools here have fewer resources too. There we had playing fields & computers."
 
When his grandmother, who has since obtained a US visa, last returned to California, he got sick & pleaded that she take him.
 
Efigenia finally got Javier's documents in order before he completed secondary school, but he still has not received his certificate.
 
"They've told me they don't recognise his classes in the US, but they've also asked me to pay double," she said.
 
He left school over a year ago & cannot go back to finish his education without the certificate.
 
Efigenia, too, dreams of taking him back to the US legally or illegally, but she said smuggling him over the border again is virtually impossible.
 
"I want to take him but my children say these days it costs $9,000. It's so expensive. Where can I find that money?"